Multicolumn grids provide flexible formats for publications that have a complex hierarchy or that integrate text and illustrations. The more columns you create, the more flexible your grid becomes. You can use the grid to articulate the hierarchy of the publication by creating zones for different kinds of content. A text or image can occupy a single column or it can span several. Not all the space has to be filled.
How many characters is optimal for a line length? words per line?
60-70 characters per line
Why is the baseline grid used in design?
Baseline grids serve to anchor all (or nearly all) layout elements to a common rhythm. Create a baseline grid by choosing the typesize and leading of your text, such as 10-pt Scala Pro with 12 pts leading (10/12). Avoid auto leading so that you can work with whole numbers that multiply and divide cleanly.
What are reasons to set type justified? ragged (unjustified)?
Choosing to align text in justified, centered, or ragged columns is a fundamental typographic act. Each mode of alignment carries unique formal qualities, cultural associations, and aesthetic risks. Justified text makes a clean shape on the page. Its efficient use of space makes it the norm for newspapers and books. Ugly gaps can occur however, as text is forced into lines of even measure. Setting type to be ragged left or right can create a nice break from flush type and if done right should create a ragged edge within a body of text that alternates lines in and out.
What is a typographic river?
In typography, rivers, or rivers of white, are gaps appearing to run down a paragraph of text, due to a coincidental alignment of spaces. They can occur regardless of the spacing settings, but are most noticeable with wide inter-word spaces caused by full text justification or monospaced fonts.
A hangline is where the body text hangs to the right of the first line. A flow line breaks text up into horizontal sections using a line. They are useful in aligning images and help guide the viewer’s eye from one point to another.
type color/texture are design elements that add contrast to a design
How does x-height effect type color?
It creates a denser typographic color.
What are some ways to indicate a new paragraph. Are there any rules?
Indent or add a space between lines.
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